linux swap space allocation


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From - Fri Sep 15 06:58:01 2000
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From: Floyd Davidson <floyd@ptialaska.net>
Newsgroups: comp.os.linux.misc
Subject: Re: Why Does the EXT2 filesystem not need defragmentation.
Date: 14 Sep 2000 18:12:19 -0800
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quentisl@leaves.ihug.com.au (Quentin Christensen) wrote:
>Floyd Davidson announced:
>
>>I don't think that is all that important.  The effect is like
>>saying that using your fastest disk drive for swap and putting
>>the swap partition in the middle of the disk will cause a
>>performance increase.  That may be true under one particular
>>set of circumstances; however, it is the worst case scenario
>>and one which everyone trys very hard to avoid simply by
>>buying enough RAM to rarely ever allow the system to actually
>>run from swap.
>
>This reminds me of a question, which I think I've seen a
>partial answer to somewhere....
>
>I have 256 MB of RAM on my P3 with about double the hard disk
>space I actually use (8GB).



The number one fact to consider here is that whatever swap space
you do allocate, it is *free*.  You already own it and are not
using it for anything else.  Hence you can certainly afford to
be generious.














>  I don't run any REALLY intensive programs, about the most
>memory intensive I get is running the gimp with a several
>hundred kilobite image under KDE.  Should I have a swap
>partition with this much RAM?  If so, how big should it be?  I
>don't actually have one at the moment, and things seem to be
>running ok, although I haven't had that much experience with
>linux, so I'm not sure if I could get better performance or
>not.



There are some other considerations.  Linux buffers disk reads,
and uses otherwise unused RAM for that purpose.  Hence the more
RAM you have available for disk buffering, the faster your
programs will generally run.  Linux will also swap out unused
processes, making the space in RAM they would otherwise take up
available for disk buffering.  Hence you do want _some_ swap
space allocated.



I have a system similar to yours, in that it has 256Mb of RAM
and often is lightly loaded.  Here is what free says right now:



         total        used     free   shared  buffers   cached  
 Mem:   257972      242560    15412    30872    62268    62000
 -/+ buffers/cache: 118292   139680
 Swap:  315048       15928   299120



Which indicates that 16Mb has been swapped out, and is available
for disk buffering.  (You can also get an idea how much swap I
might recommend. :-)



The actual virtual memory (RAM + swap) you *must* have amounts
to "more than the need for virtual memory will ever be".  And
remember that if your vm use exceeds the RAM + swap total, your
system will crash.  So the question is, how much vm could your
box possibly ever use?  Since for _you_, swap is free...  pick
some nice large figure that boggles your mind (if you had ever
bought a computer 15-20 years ago, just idea of having half a
meg of virtual memory is worth what it is going to cost you!).









(And if you use Netscrape, at some point the amount of vm it
uses will be all there is, no matter how much you have.  In that
case you want enough that you'll notice it before the crash...)



In my case I occasionally do some heavy duty image editing, and
have actually seen this system use 400Mb.  Hence I have more
than 500Mb of virtual memory.  It rarely ever uses more than
200Mb of vm for processes, so I have 256Mb of that vm as RAM.



  Floyd



-- 
Floyd L. Davidson                          floyd@barrow.com
Ukpeagvik (Barrow, Alaska)













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