Silver OpenServer -> UnixWare Upgrade Notes.

By Peter Dick
Silverware LTD ( http://www.silverware.co.uk)
Email: santa@silverware.co.uk
Comments to santa@silverware.co.uk

Introduction

These two operating systems are very similar and the vast majority of commands are exactly the same. If you find an OpenServer command that doesn't appear to work under UnixWare, then consider the following:-

• apropos "key word"
  lists out commands that might use <key word>
• man "command"
  displays the manual page
• scoadmin -> scohelp -> find "expression"
  searches all online manuals for "expression"

Apart from these notes, there is also a document supplied by SCO that describes other differences.

Point your browser to http://"IP of UnixWare m/c":457/ scroll down left hand side to bottom and click Select first item = Differences Select third and fifth items

OpenServer tcsh users can continue to use the same shell: a UnixWare copy of tcsh is supplied by SCO on the Skunkware CD.

There is one additional way to make the transition easier. At the command line, in a shell script, or in a start-up file (such as .profile) type or include the following statements:

OSRCMDS=on export OSRCMDS

Setting the OSRCMDS environment variable in the current process environment causes the shell to invoke the SCO OpenServer versions of some commands that are found in /OpenServer/bin. However beware that OpenServer utilities do not support files greater than 2Gb.

System Errors

There is no /usr/adm/messages file - instead check:- /var/adm/syslog /var/adm/log/osmlog or cs.log or ppp.log

Device Names

Device unit numbers in OpenServer start at zero, ie /cd0 or /dev/lp0 In UnixWare they start at one, cdrom1 or /dev/lp1 The exception is the tape drive /dev/rct0 is the first tape unit under UnixWare

The names have become longer / have moved directory / changed a bit

To mount a cd in UnixWare mount -r -F cdfs /dev/cdrom/cdrom1 /cd1

Both com1 and /dev/lp expect hardware flow control

The scologin screen has changed:

OpenServer = screen 2 but UnixWare = screen 1

Note that UnixWare also has a console text screen - access with CTRL + ALT + ESC

The naming for serial devices has changed in two ways: not only have them been moved from /dev to /dev/term but the convention relating to UPPER and lower cases names has also changed:

	OpenServer	UnixWare
Digi- Normal	/dev/ttya01	/dev/term/a01s
Digi - Modem	/dev/ttyA01	/dev/term/a02m

The enable/disable command has been replaced by scoadmin -> serial manager

boot single user

press <C/R> when UnixWare banner shows at start ? for help

To enter single user mode initstate=1 boot

b hd(0,DOS) will boot a different partition (like the bootos command)

Simple Commands

bourne shell	-e option (testing file exists) no longer exists
cbackup	Doesn't exist - use cpio or arcserve
compress	The -H option isn't supported
cpio -A	to drop leading slash doesn't exist
cpuonoff	scoadmin >-> hardware -> processor manager -> click on/off
diskcp	Doesn't exist - use dd and then sum
dos commands	install mtools from skunkware
dtype	doesn't exist
find	-level option doesn't exist
haltsys	/usr/ucb/halt -q
	/usr/ucb/reboot -q
	/usr/ucb/reboot
hosts	This host should be fully stated as name.domain
.hushlogin	doesn't exist
hwconfig	dcu
init 1	OpenServer umounts filesystems - UnixWare leaves them mounted
ls -A	OpenServer = all .files first UnixWare = sometimes alphabetical
link_unix	/etc/conf/bin/idbuild -B
man	UnixWare pages don't have examples
mkdev hd	diskadd with care
mkdev tape	No longer needed - UnixWare allocates /dev/rmt and /dev/rct devices in ascending scsi i/d order
mpstat	doesn't exist: use sar -P ALL to see activity per processor
	or rtpm for amazing display
nfs stop	sh /etc/init.d/nfs stop
password	If you want to skip a password ("removed" password under OS5) for an existing user, edit /etc/default/login PASSREQ to NO and do passwd -d <username> afterwards
ping	Defaults to a single packet: use -s option to repeat every second
pwd	sometimes shows symbolic link rather than actual path
rcmd	see SCO notes
root&boot floppies	/sbin/emergency_disk diskette1
scologin	graphical interface was on virtual screen 2, now virtual screen 1
scsibadblk	?
shutdown	You have to be in / directory to run this command
	UnixWare -g (grace) default option settable in /etc/default/shutdown
swconfig	?
syslog	/var/adm/log/osmlog (or see page 1 for other log files)
tape unload	tapecntl -u
/tmp	UnixWare often has a seperate filesystem
	UnixWare clears out contents upon booting
u386mon	rtpm (Real Time Performance Monitor)
uname	OpenServer = SCO_SV UnixWare = UnixWare
uname -S	You need to edit /etc/hosts and reboot
undelete	no longer exists
userdef	/etc/rc2.d needs to have a capital "S" for it to be run
wc	Display uses spaces instead of tabs
who -x	w (shows IP of remote Ethernet users)

Large File Support (ie > 2Gb)

To create large files, login as root and then...

fsadm -Fvxfs -o largefiles /filesystem-name

cd /etc/conf/bin

./idtune -g HFSZLIM and observe four figures SFSZLIM ditto

./idtune HFSZLIM 0x7FFFFFFF seven lots of F SFSZLIM 0x7FFFFFFF

./idbuild -B

reboot

ulimit -Hf Should show the word unlimited ulimit -Sf Ditto

Exporting Filesystems

To export filesystems that allows full read/write access

scoadmin -> filesystem -> view -> export each filesystem and share -F nfs -o root=system1:system2:system3 /filesystem

edt

The demo version doesn't work on vxfs filesystems - possible solution is to change ted to copy the file to /tmp edit the file and copy it back again

IBM RAID

Assuming that the utilities have been installed... On console screen 1 (X Windows) click on terminal /opt/RaidMan/RaidMan.sh - note mixed case in path/program name

asroot

For example, allow user fred to run pkgrm

# /bin/adminuser -a pkgrm:/usr/sbin/pkgrm:allprivs fred

Then, as user 'fred' run:

$ /sbin/tfadmin /usr/sbin/pkgrm <package_name>

Operating Software

Use pkgadd / pkgrm for most third party packages

scoadmin -> software -> application installation for all SCO software

Tune I/O bufs

Although this is an autotune variable, you can overrule it.

# /etc/conf/bin/idtune -f BUFHWM <new value>

relink the kernel and reboot. The new value will appear in the stune file and you can check the value has changed by looking at the output from "sysdef -i" or use crash and type "var". To reset the autotuned value you can use "idtune -d BUFHWM".

User Accounts

You get an error message if you delete a user account and then try to recreate it in less than four years. However this command will add testuser with a uic of 201 after he/she has just been deleted.

useradd -u 201 -i -d /home/testuser -m testuser

Best New Features?

Among the UnixWare features missing from OpenServer.

The "help" system that allows on-line searching of on-line manuals

System kernel tuning description per entry

Support for DB2 Version 5.2

Support for files greater than 2Gb

rdist feature

SCO say better scalability with multiprocessor system

Support for fault tolerant Ethernets card with auto failover

Support for IP alias

Support for Linux as a sort of Run Time System which allows all Linux utilities, such as Start Office and Apache Server etc to run under UnixWare.

Unknowns

What happened to

integrity and fixmog

scoadmin -> system -> check all is well feature

Original 21st May 2001 Last update 11th February 2002

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